Inflation driven political unrest in Latin America fuelling rising demand for political violence insurance

The number of protests and riots* in Latin America** increased last year, from 5,261 in 2021/2 to 5,575 in 2022/3, fuelling increased demand for political violence insurance coverage, says Chaucer, the global specialty (re)insurance group.

Chaucer says the rise in protests is being predominantly driven by inflation, which has led to food insecurity and exacerbated poverty in many countries across the region. Many of the protests have also been sparked by increasing energy costs in the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Latin American countries that saw the biggest increases in social unrest in the past year were Panama and Ecuador. Panama experienced a 132% increase in the number of protests and riots from 22 to 51 as protesters demanded the government do more to curb soaring energy and food prices. Ecuador also saw the number of protests and riots more than double from 73 to 155. Demonstrators blocked roads and entry points to major cities and ports, impacting the transport of goods to the Panama Canal from Central American countries.

A change of Government in two of Latin America’s biggest economies also contributed to the increase in civil unrest. Supporters of the defeated incumbent Jair Bolsonaro blockaded roads and highways across 23 states in protest of the election results in Brazil – leading to a 33% increase in protests and riots in Brazil from 916 to 1,215. Peru has also experienced a wave of protests led by left-wing groups and indigenous communities since December 2022 following the ousting of President Pedro Castillo. The country saw incidents of civil unrest rise 67% from 261 to 436.

Strikes Riots and Civil Commotion (SRCC) insurance provides coverage to businesses who have sustained losses from damage caused by riots, protests or other forms of unrest. It also provides coverage for losses arising from interruption to business resulting from highways or roads being blockaded due to protests and riots.

Following a steady rise in civil unrest since the Global Financial Crisis, insurers have increasingly excluded coverage for damage from strikes, riots and civil commotion from standard insurance policies. Demand for standalone policies to cover this risk has increased as a result of this. However, even within the specialist SRCC market, risk appetite has moderated, leading some insurers to limit the risks that they cover, particularly in traditionally more politically volatile regions.

*ACLED – data includes ‘Looting/Property destruction’, ‘Mob violence’, ‘Protest with intervention’ and ‘Violent demonstration’ – year-end March 31st

**South America, Central America, Mexico & the Caribbean